{"id":9419,"date":"2017-08-01T08:47:02","date_gmt":"2017-08-01T08:47:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/?p=9419"},"modified":"2026-03-30T07:55:54","modified_gmt":"2026-03-30T07:55:54","slug":"adhd-basics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/adhd-basics\/","title":{"rendered":"ADHD: The Basics"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"display: none;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/adhd.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><center><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Picture1.png\" alt=\"Picture1\" width=\"600\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-9439\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Picture1.png 1014w, https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Picture1-300x57.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/Picture1-150x28.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1014px) 100vw, 1014px\" \/><\/center><br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"font-size: 180%; color: #318487; font-family: Arial; line-height: 33px;\">Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a problem of not being able to focus, being overactive, not being able control behavior, or a combination of these.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 200%; color: #3366ff;\">A brief timeline<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial;\"><strong>1798: Sir Alexander Crichton<\/strong>, a physician-scientist, uses a term he called \u201cmental restlessness.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial;\"><strong>1902: George Still<\/strong>, first to describe ADHD in more detail.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial;\"><strong>1923: Franklin Ebaugh<\/strong>: provides evidence that ADHD could arise from brain injury.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial;\"><strong>1967: Federal government funds National Institute of Mental Health<\/strong> study on effects of stimulants on children with hyperactivity.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial;\"><strong>1980: The Manual of Mental Disorders<\/strong> defines \u201cAttention Deficit Disorder, with or without hyperactivity\u201d, thus distinguishing between ADD and ADHD, and listing \u201cinattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity\u201c as essential features.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 200%; color: #3366ff;\">Signs and Symptoms:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial;\">Some children normally have trouble focusing and behaving. Children with ADHD do not grow out of these behaviors. The symptoms continue and can cause difficulty at school, at home, or with friends.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial; color: #318487;\"><strong>FACT:<\/strong> While ADHD can\u2019t be cured, it can be successfully managed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 200%; color: #3366ff;\">There are 3 different types of ADHD<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial; color: #318487;\">1. Inattentive type:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Fails to give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes in schoolwork, work, or other activities<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Has difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play activities<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Does not seem to listen when spoken to directly<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Does not follow through on instructions and fails to finish schoolwork, chores, or duties in the workplace<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Has difficulty organizing tasks and activities<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Avoids, dislikes, or is reluctant to engage in tasks that require sustained mental effort (such as schoolwork or homework)<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Loses things necessary for tasks or activities (eg, toys, school assignments, pencils, books, or tools)<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Is often easily distracted by extraneous stimuli<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Is often forgetful in daily activities<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial; color: #318487;\">2. Hyperactive-impulsive type:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Fidgets with hands or feet, or squirms in seat<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Leaves seat in classroom or in other situations in which remaining seated is expected<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Runs about or climbs excessively in situations in which it is inappropriate (in adolescents or adults, may be limited to subjective feelings of restlessness)<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Has difficulty playing or engaging in leisure activities quietly<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Is often \u201con the go\u201d or often acts as if \u201cdriven by a motor\u201d<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Talks excessively<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Blurts out answers before questions have been completed<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Has difficulty awaiting turn<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Interrupts or intrudes on others (eg, butts into conversations or games)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial; color: #318487;\">3. Combined both: Inattentive &#038; Hyperactive \u2013 Impulsive<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><center><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/fidget-spinner-2460198_1920.jpg\" alt=\"fidget-spinner-2460198_1920\" width=\"500\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-9441\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/fidget-spinner-2460198_1920.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/fidget-spinner-2460198_1920-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/fidget-spinner-2460198_1920-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/fidget-spinner-2460198_1920-150x100.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 200%; color: #3366ff;\">Behavior Treatment Options for Pre-schoolers:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial; color: #318487;\"><strong>FACT:<\/strong> In most cases, ADHD is best treated with a combination of medication and behavior therapy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial; color: #318487;\">Medication: Several types can be used to treat ADHD<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Stimulants are the best-known and most widely used treatments. Between 70- 80 percent of children with ADHD respond positively to these medications. A list of stimulant drugs to treat ADHD includes: Adderall and Adderall XR, Concerta, Dexedrine, Focalin and Focalin XR, Metadate CD and Metadate ER, Methylin and Methylin ER, Ritalin, Ritalin SR, Ritalin LA, Vyvanse, Daytrana, and Quillivant XR.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Nonstimulants were approved for treating ADHD in 2003. This medication seems to have fewer side effects than stimulants and can last up to 24 hours. FDA-approved non-stimulants include: Strattera, Intuniv (for individuals, ages 6-17), and Kapvay (for use alone or in combination with a stimulant to enhance effectiveness).<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Disclaimer: Before using any drug, check first with your physician.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 200%; color: #3366ff;\">Behavioral intervention strategies<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\"><strong>Create a routine<\/strong>. Try to follow the same schedule every day, from wake-up time to bedtime.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\"><strong>Be organized<\/strong>. Put schoolbags, clothing, and toys in the same place every day.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\"><strong>Avoid distractions<\/strong>. Turn off the TV, radio, and computer, especially when your child is doing homework.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\"><strong>Limit choices<\/strong>. Offer a choice between two things (this outfit, meal, toy, etc., or that one) so that your child isn\u2019t overwhelmed and overstimulated.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\"><strong>Simplify<\/strong>: Use clear, brief directions to remind your child of responsibilities.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\"><strong>Use goals and rewards<\/strong>. Use a chart to list goals and track positive behaviors, then reward your child\u2019s efforts. Be sure the goals are realistic.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\"><strong>Discipline effectively<\/strong>. Instead of yelling or spanking, use timeouts or removal of privileges as consequences for inappropriate behavior.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\"><strong>Help your child discover a talent<\/strong>. Find out what your child does well \u2014 whether it\u2019s sports, art, or music. It can boost social skills and self-esteem.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial;\"><strong>Parent training<\/strong>: Parental education and support are important parts of treatment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 200%; color: #3366ff;\">ADHD and school: Tips for teachers<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Make assignments clear<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Use a homework folder for parent-teacher communications<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Give positive reinforcement<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Be sensitive to self-esteem issues<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Involve the school counselor or psychologist<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 200%; color: #3366ff;\">By the numbers:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial;\">About 1 in 10 children (aged 4-17 years): have been diagnosed with ADHD at some point in their lifetime OR, about 5.4 million children in the United States.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial;\">About 1 in 20 children in the U.S. have ADHD symptoms.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial;\">80 percent of these children, will have those symptoms into the teen years. Some will continue to show symptoms into adulthood.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial;\">4.1: percent of the U.S. adult population with ADHD.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial;\">41.3: percent of diagnosed adults have severe symptoms. This is equal to approximately 1.7 percent of the total U.S. adult population.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial;\">Boys are diagnosed with ADHD at more than double the rate girls are.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial; color: #318487;\"><strong>WOW:<\/strong> Children with ADHD are more likely to have major injuries (59 percent vs. 49 percent), more likely to receive outpatient care (41 percent vs. 43 percent), more likely to be hospitalized (26 percent vs. 18 percent), and more likely to be seen in an emergency room (81 percent vs. 74 percent) as non-diagnosed children of the same age.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 200%; color: #3366ff;\">We Shall Overcome: Famous People who have overcome the stigma of having ADHD<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\"><strong>Justin Timberlake<\/strong>: The Grammy-winning singer said he has \u201cADD mixed with OCD\u201d\n<\/li><li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Celebrity chef <strong>Jamie Oliver<\/strong>: Had ADHD as a child, but he told the Celebrities with Diseases website that healthy eating helps him manage it.\n<\/li><li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\"><strong>Will Smith<\/strong>: Growing up, he was the fun one who had trouble paying attention. Today, he would\u2019ve been diagnosed with ADHD.\n<\/li><li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Olympic champion swimmer <strong>Michael Phelps<\/strong>: His mom described her son\u2019s exhibition of classic ADHD symptoms: not sitting still or being able to focus.\n<\/li><li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\">Actor <strong>Jim Carrey<\/strong> remembers coping with his ADHD by being the class clown, and said it\u2019s \u201chard for me to come down from what I do.\u201d\n<\/li><li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\"><strong>Richard Branson<\/strong>: Virgin Founder has ADHD, but that hasn\u2019t stopped him from owning a major airline, sending tourists into space, or building an underwater plane.\n<\/li><li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\"><strong>Paris Hilton<\/strong>: Takes Adderall to manage her ADHD, which she\u2019s struggled with since she was 12.\n<\/li><li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\"><strong>Howie Mandel<\/strong>: Comedian and judge on America\u2019s Got Talent, recalls not being able to focus or sit still in class as a kid, but he wasn\u2019t diagnosed until he was an adult.\n<\/li><li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\"><strong>Terry Bradshaw<\/strong>: Former NFL quarterback has ADHD, and struggled even as a child.\n<\/li><li style=\"font-size: 140%; line-height: 30px;\"><strong>Michelle Rodriguez<\/strong>: Actress takes medication to control her ADHD.\n<\/li><\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 140%; font-family: Arial; color: #318487;\"><strong>WOW:<\/strong> People with ADHD are 300% more likely to start their own company.<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 130%; font-family: Arial; \">Source: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.special-education-degree.net\/adhd-primer\/\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.special-education-degree.net<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a problem of not being able to focus, being overactive, not being able control behavior, or a combination of these. A brief timeline 1798: Sir Alexander Crichton, a physician-scientist, uses a term he called \u201cmental restlessness.\u201d 1902: George Still, first to describe ADHD in... <br \/><a class=\"moretag\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/adhd-basics\/\">Continue reading...<\/a>","protected":false},"author":16661,"featured_media":15551,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[94],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9419","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-attention-deficit-disorder"],"acf":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9419","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16661"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9419"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9419\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10338,"href":"https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9419\/revisions\/10338"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15551"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9419"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9419"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dyslexiadaily.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9419"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}